Revolutionizing Tuberculosis Treatment: Advanced Drug Delivery Through Nanotechnology

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health threat, affecting millions worldwide, despite the existence of curative drugs with a success rate of over 90%. TB is the second leading cause of infectious disease-related deaths worldwide, after HIV. Recent advancements in drug delivery technologies have enabled effective targeting of antitubercular drugs (ATDs) to the infection site. Ongoing research in TB treatment focuses on leveraging innovative delivery systems, including nanoformulations in the form of liposomes, hydrogels, exosomes, dendrimers, microspheres, microbubbles, phytosomes, and micelles, to enhance treatment outcomes. This review aims to provide a concise update on the current state of nanoparticle-based delivery systems for targeted ATD delivery to the infection site.