Unveiling University Networks Aligning with SDGS: a Social Network Analysis of the National Innovation System of Sri Lanka

Objective: This study uniquely focuses on the research and innovation-oriented networking relationships within the National Innovation System (NIS) of Sri Lanka. It investigates three networking relationship types: intra-university, university-S&T institutions, and university-industry collaborations. Theoretical Framework: The study is grounded in innovation system theories, emphasizing the role of knowledge exchange and collaborative interactions among key actors—universities, S&T institutions, and industry. Method: Using Social Network Analysis, the study collected data through a comprehensive survey. The survey gathered 104 responses with information on joint research projects, staff mobility, joint conferences, skill transfer training, and shared innovation infrastructure. NodeXL software was utilized to analyze the network strengths and patterns. Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed that universities play a central role in the innovation network, with reasonable ties with the S&T institutions; meanwhile, weak ties were revealed with the industry. Key nodes and central actors emerged as pivotal in facilitating collaboration, while specific isolated units were identified, suggesting gaps in the network. Notably, identifying areas for improvement in network cohesion offers a promising outlook for the future of the NIS, instilling a sense of optimism among the audience. Research Implications: The study’s results have significant policy implications, particularly for strengthening network ties among universities, S&T institutions, and industry. Given the urgency of enhancing these connections, the study's findings can catalyze amplifying the contributions of these actors to Sri Lanka's innovation landscape and, by extension, socio-economic development aligning with SDGs. Originality/Value: This research offers a novel mapping and measurement of the collaborative dynamics within NIS, providing a nuanced understanding of the relationships essential for innovation. It contributes valuable insights into how universities can better leverage their networks to promote technological advancement for sustainable growth.