Characterization of the blaCTX-M gene in Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteria Isolated from Wastewater of the Municipal Slaughterhouse of Port-Bouët, Côte d'Ivoire

The objective of this study was to characterize the blaCTX-M gene in enterobacteria in wastewater from the Port-Bouët municipal slaughterhouse. For this purpose, 72 wastewater samples were collected. Bacteriological counts were carried out on VRBG medium supplemented with 2 mg/L ceftazidime. Germs were isolated and identified on UTI agar. Sensitivity tests were carried out with beta-lactam antibiotics (AMC, CAZ and IPM), fluoroquinolones (NA and CIP) and aminoglycosides (GM and AN). Enumerations showed high loads of resistant Enterobacteriaceae, ranging from 5.2 to 5.9 Log UFC/100mL. A total of 60 resistant strains of enterobacteria were isolated, including Escherichia coli (60%), Proteus vulgaris (21.67%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.33%), Enterobacter spp (6.67%) and Proteus mirabilis (3.33%). Sensitivity tests revealed 100% resistance in enterobacteria species to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and ceftazidime. Proteus vulgaris species showed high resistance to nalidixic acid (69.2%) and amikacin (46.1%). A search for the blaCTX-M resistance gene revealed that 46.1%, 55.6% and 50% of E. coli, Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter spp species respectively carried this gene in their genomic DNA. The presence of resistant enterobacteria containing the blaCTX-M resistance gene isolated from wastewater at the Port-Bouët municipal slaughterhouse represents a threat to public health.