Analysis of the current state and the future prospects of renewable energy in heating and cooling systems in Ukraine

Abstract Currently, there is significant focus on the transition to green energy, particularly in achieving climate neutrality. The European Green Deal outlines one of the main approaches in this field, which is being implemented in the EU. As Ukraine aims to become an EU member, it would be beneficial to consider adopting renewable energy solutions, especially in heating and cooling systems, in order to align with the EU’s efforts towards sustainability. The statistical analysis of the field shows that Ukraine’s share of renewable energy is two and a half times less than that of the EU, but it still exceeds that of three EU member states. It is worth noting that the majority of renewable energy for heating in Ukraine is generated by biomass, which is considered less economical and ecological compared to heat pumps. At present, there is a notable interest in increasing the proportion of renewable energy used for heating and cooling, with heat pumps being the primary focus. Various methods are being investigated to facilitate the adoption of heat pumps, including government assistance to reduce system costs and step-to-step realisation in cases of limited financial resources.