Features of designing systems for the formation of an internal microclimate of a high class of cleanliness of operating rooms of medical institutions

Abstract This publication is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of designing systems for forming an internal microclimate of a high cleanliness class in the operating rooms of medical institutions. The article presents an analysis of the requirements for microclimate hygiene and air environment of operating rooms of medical institutions, cleanliness classes of premises to be implemented with permissible air components and microclimate parameters for operating rooms of medical institutions, analysis of methods of microclimate regulation, analysis of the features of the construction of ventilation and air conditioning systems of high cleanliness class; analysis of air preparation systems for premises. The article identifies the features of ventilation and air conditioning systems and substantiates the need to use multi-stage filtration; installation of air conditioners with air recirculation and central air conditioning for fresh air preparation; creation of overpressure about neighbouring rooms; use of CAV and VAV systems to regulate airflow parameters and provide overpressure. Conceptual design solutions are presented, and typical block diagrams for the formation of an internal microclimate of a high class of cleanliness in operating rooms in a medical institution are developed, which can be used as standard ones in the development of design solutions. The necessity of developing an automation system is substantiated. A typical structural diagram of an automated air conditioning control system has been developed and substantiated. A generalising algorithm for subsystem functioning has been developed, which can be widely used in the design and construction of such systems.