Inflammation as a driving force of neurodegeneration. Fundamentals of personalized diagnostics and treatment

The CNS integrates efferent signals from the somatic and autonomic parts. Also the CNS also receives information from the periphery about inflammation and infection. Cytokines, chemokines and damage-associated soluble mediators of systemic inflammation can also enter the CNS via the blood and/or lymphatic systems. At the same time these substances can penetrate directly through periventricular structures, as well as by increasing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and disrupt the healthy functioning of neurons and glia, leading to a violation of brain homeostasis. This can lead to the onset of a neurodegenerative disease or worsen its clinical symptoms. In this publication, we present current international scientific data indicating a link between the neurodegenerative process and immune disorders. In addition to identifying immune-mediated pathways of neurodegeneration, new, potentially significant, immunomodulatory targets are presented for the development of possible effective therapy for this group of diseases.