A computational model for the dietary control of insulin, glucose, fatty acid metabolism and type 2 diabetes

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant global public health issue, closely related to poor dietary habits and excessive energy intake. Type 2 diabetes（T2DM） is closely related to NAFLD. Due to the complex regulation of dietary factors on the interaction between insulin, glucose, and free fatty acids (FFA), existing metabolic models have limitations in characterizing the dynamic response of this system. This paper uses an improved mathematical model to simulate the dynamic effects of different dietary compositions on insulin, glucose, and FFA, the study adopts a delayed feedback mechanism to construct a system of differential equations, which describes the relationship between postprandial insulin secretion and the fluctuations of glucose and FFA. The results show that the model can effectively simulate the fluctuating behavior of metabolic parameters under postprandial conditions, verifying its predictive potential in the study of NAFLD and dietary interventions.