INTRODUÇÃO AO ESTUDO HISTORIOGRÁFICO DO FASCISMO: CRÍTICA AO PONTO DE VISTA MARXISTA E À “TEORIA GERAL DO FASCISMO”

This work provides an introductory analysis of the fascist phenomenon through a detailed historiographical study, with a special focus on comparing the “Marxist” perspective and the “general theory of fascism.” The relevance of this study is particularly evident in the current context, where the term “fascism” is often used in an imprecise and sometimes biased manner to discredit political opponents. This incorrect and occasionally political usage contributes to a vague and variable definition of the fascist phenomenon. The work seeks to define fascism based on the main dominant interpretative currents, examining the limitations and weaknesses of these analyses. Additionally, the research proposes a more robust and precise conceptualization of fascism, grounded in a rigorous historiographical approach aimed at providing a clearer and more well-founded understanding of the phenomenon. This approach intends to contribute to a more informed and less polarized debate about fascism.