LPFSformer: Location Prior Guided Frequency and Spatial Interactive Learning for Nighttime Flare Removal

When capturing images under strong light sources at night, intense lens flare artifacts often appear, significantly degrading visual quality and impacting downstream computer vision tasks. Although transformer-based methods have achieved remarkable results in nighttime flare removal, they fail to adequately distinguish between flare and non-flare regions. This unified processing overlooks the unique characteristics of these regions, leading to suboptimal performance and unsatisfactory results in real-world scenarios. To address this critical issue, we propose a novel approach incorporating Location Prior Guidance (LPG) and a specialized flare removal model, LPFSformer. LPG is designed to accurately learn the location of flares within an image and effectively capture the associated glow effects. By employing Location Prior Injection (LPI), our method directs the model’s focus towards flare regions through the interaction of frequency and spatial domains. Additionally, to enhance the recovery of high-frequency textures and capture finer local details, we designed a Global Hybrid Feature Compensator (GHFC). GHFC aggregates different expert structures, leveraging the diverse receptive fields and CNN operations of each expert to effectively utilize a broader range of features during the flare removal process. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our LPFSformer achieves state-of-the-art flare removal performance compared to existing methods. Our code and a pre-trained LPFSformer have been uploaded to GitHub for validation.