Study of Effective Factors and Policies on the Development of Health Tourism in Iran as a Developing Country

Background: Medical tourism, a byproduct of globalization, involves patients traveling beyond their national borders for healthcare. While this trend is prominent in developed countries, developing nations like Iran can capitalize on it for economic gains. Objectives: This study explores the potential and prerequisites for the advancement of medical tourism in Iran, a developing country with significant potential in health services and a need for the development of health tourism to foster further economic growth. Methods: The target group for this study includes Iranian hospitals. The methods used are "Data Collection and Analysis". First, data were gathered from official health and tourism sources through interviews. Second, relevant factors were identified and analyzed qualitatively through a systematic review of related literature. Results: The study found that beyond the quality of medical services, cultural attributes, legal frameworks, and the tourism appeal of historical sites significantly impact the growth of medical tourism. Key opportunities for Iran's medical tourism include a high number of advanced medical centers, cost-effective and high-quality healthcare, and the allure of historical and natural tourist attractions. However, challenges such as the absence of a centralized coordinating body, limited private sector involvement, and inadequate oversight pose constraints. This study aimed to answer questions about the requirements for medical tourism development and the limitations of its achievement in developing countries. Conclusions: To enhance medical tourism in Iran, it is essential to adopt a "multifaceted approach" that integrates economic, legal, cultural, and service quality considerations. This approach should improve infrastructure, such as healthcare accommodations, and encourage the participation of private healthcare providers. Furthermore, strategic development in these areas will not only contribute to Iran's economic growth but also enhance its global reputation as a hub for high-quality healthcare services.