Poisson’s ratio transition in strain crystallizing elastomer: from rubbery amorphous to semicrystalline

Abstract The Poisson’s ratio (μ) of natural rubber (NR) undergoing strain-induced crystallization (SIC) during uniaxial stretching was investigated as a function of the applied stretch ( $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) over a broad $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> range, encompassing the SIC onset stretch ( $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ≈ 4.1). Below $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , μ remains near 1/2, indicating the incompressible behavior of NR in its fully rubbery amorphous state. However, once $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> exceeds $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , μ decreases as the degree of crystallinity ( χ c ) increases. As $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> increases from $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> to fracture stretch ( $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ≈ 7.1), χ c increases to 18%, and μ gradually decreases to 0.33. This reduction in μ reflects the transformation of the NR matrix from a rubbery amorphous state to a semicrystalline state. In fact, the true stress (force per cross-sectional area in the deformed state) at the fracture point, obtained via actual lateral contraction, is approximately 85% of that estimated under the assumption μ = 1/2. These findings provide a critical foundation for accurately modeling the mechanical behavior of strain-crystallizing elastomers.

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Journal
Polymer Journal
Published
2024-12-04
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-024-00998-3
Citations
5
Primary Topic
Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
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article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.84

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article

Poisson’s ratio transition in strain crystallizing elastomer: from rubbery amorphous to semicrystalline

Shinichi Sakurai, Ruito Tanaka, Thanh‐Tam Mai, Kenji Urayama et al.
5 citations
Polymer Journal
Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
0.84
article

Poisson’s ratio transition in strain crystallizing elastomer: from rubbery amorphous to semicrystalline

Shinichi Sakurai, Ruito Tanaka, Thanh‐Tam Mai, Kenji Urayama, Hideaki Takagi, Katsuhiko Tsunoda, Takuho Naraoka
article en
5 citations

Abstract

Abstract The Poisson’s ratio (μ) of natural rubber (NR) undergoing strain-induced crystallization (SIC) during uniaxial stretching was investigated as a function of the applied stretch ( $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) over a broad $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> range, encompassing the SIC onset stretch ( $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ≈ 4.1). Below $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , μ remains near 1/2, indicating the incompressible behavior of NR in its fully rubbery amorphous state. However, once $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> exceeds $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , μ decreases as the degree of crystallinity ( χ c ) increases. As $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> increases from $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> to fracture stretch ( $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ≈ 7.1), χ c increases to 18%, and μ gradually decreases to 0.33. This reduction in μ reflects the transformation of the NR matrix from a rubbery amorphous state to a semicrystalline state. In fact, the true stress (force per cross-sectional area in the deformed state) at the fracture point, obtained via actual lateral contraction, is approximately 85% of that estimated under the assumption μ = 1/2. These findings provide a critical foundation for accurately modeling the mechanical behavior of strain-crystallizing elastomers.

Polymer JournalVol. 57(4)
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (JP), Kyoto University (JP), Kyoto Institute of Technology (JP), Bridgestone (Japan) (JP)
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology
Openalex Percentile: Top 32%
Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
0.84
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