Poisson’s ratio transition in strain crystallizing elastomer: from rubbery amorphous to semicrystalline
Abstract The Poisson’s ratio (μ) of natural rubber (NR) undergoing strain-induced crystallization (SIC) during uniaxial stretching was investigated as a function of the applied stretch ( $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) over a broad $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> range, encompassing the SIC onset stretch ( $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ≈ 4.1). Below $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , μ remains near 1/2, indicating the incompressible behavior of NR in its fully rubbery amorphous state. However, once $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> exceeds $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , μ decreases as the degree of crystallinity ( χ c ) increases. As $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> increases from $${{\lambda }_{{||}}}^{* }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> to fracture stretch ( $${\lambda }_{{||}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> <mml:mo>∣</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ≈ 7.1), χ c increases to 18%, and μ gradually decreases to 0.33. This reduction in μ reflects the transformation of the NR matrix from a rubbery amorphous state to a semicrystalline state. In fact, the true stress (force per cross-sectional area in the deformed state) at the fracture point, obtained via actual lateral contraction, is approximately 85% of that estimated under the assumption μ = 1/2. These findings provide a critical foundation for accurately modeling the mechanical behavior of strain-crystallizing elastomers.
Authors
- Shinichi Sakurai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5756-1066)
- Ruito Tanaka
- Thanh‐Tam Mai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6190-1142)
- Kenji Urayama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2823-6344)
- Hideaki Takagi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3389-7945)
- Katsuhiko Tsunoda
- Takuho Naraoka
Institutions
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (JP)
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Kyoto Institute of Technology (JP)
- Bridgestone (Japan) (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Polymer Journal
- Published
- 2024-12-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-024-00998-3
- Citations
- 5
- Primary Topic
- Polymer Nanocomposites and Properties
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.84
Funders
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology