UWB Based Communication for Electric Vehicle Battery Management System

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The Battery Management System (BMS) plays a vital role in managing the energy present in the high voltage battery pack of electric vehicles. The wired battery management system is commonly used in automotive applications. The known difficulties with the wired battery management system includes the intricate wiring harness, wiring failures, system scalability and high implementation costs. To mitigate the above challenges, the wireless battery management system is proposed. Several wireless protocols, including BLE, Zigbee, and 2.4GHz proprietary protocol, are being examined for wireless BMS. However, there are technical difficulties with these protocols to be applied in the battery pack environment. This research paper looks at the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) communication protocol for wireless BMS, considering UWB’s efficiency low latency and robust Radio Frequency (RF) performance. The UWB protocol is used to communicate between the Cell Supervisory Circuit (CSC) and the Battery Management Controller (BMC). The recent advancement has led this research to assess how UWB-based wireless BMS can be adapted to the Cell to Chassis / Pack / Module type of battery architectures. Among the primary challenges in the wireless BMS are the performance (range, packet loss, speed), cybersecurity due to the sophisticated environment and the different architectures implemented in the vehicle. The performance of wireless communication can be addressed by the Time-of-Flight (ToF) concept of UWB Protocol, and the security architecture of the UWB facilitates secure and high-priority communication. The RF front-end circuit’s simulated results and design considerations of UWB protocol in the wireless BMS are analyzed. The merits and limitations are summarized in this research paper.</div></div>