100 years – life goes on (a clinical case)

The aim of this work is to draw attention to the peculiarities of long-lived patient functioning and to assess the state of health in a 100-year-old patient, her cognitive functions and life factors contributing to active longevity. Materials and methods. We have described and analyzed a case of the 100-year-old female patient’s health, the influence of factors for active aging prolongation (nutrition, physical activity, labor, psychological state, hobbies) on a specific example, conducted a review of the scientific literature regarding the reasons for longevity and people’s lifestyles. Results. According to projections for demographic prospects, by 2050, the number of elderly people in the world will increase to 16 %, and every sixth person will be older than 65 years. Thus, in the EU countries, the expected life expectancy for men is 74–77 years, women ‒ 80–82 years. Based on forecasts, the number of people aged 80 and over will triple: from 143 million in 2019 to 426 million in 2050. Therefore, the relevance of maintaining active longevity is beyond doubt. Examples of long-lived people on the planet have been analyzed and given. The presented clinical case is the 100-year-old woman who underwent a full clinical examination. Her physical and mental state as well as cognitive functions have been evaluated. The life and occupational trajectories, her hobby (singing), social activity, eating habits have been analyzed. Biological age has also been assessed. The biological age of our patient has been determined by metabolic laboratory parameters: complete blood count, creatinine, bilirubin, lipid levels, blood glucose, urea, AST, ALT, albumin, electrolytes. Conclusions. According to the conducted study, the biological age of the patient is 93 years, that is 7 years younger than the chronologic age. Our patient is not overweight, has daily walks lasting up to 1-2 hours, lives alone, but enjoys communicating with friendly people, has been adhering to a balanced diet over the past 40 years. The following are of great importance to the patient: a normal mental state, work after retirement, especially creative work, a positive attitude to life, communication with positive people, music and singing. Thus, a person can live up to 100 years without significant health problems.