Physical Education Methods of Various Directions Application for Female University Students with Cardiorespiratory Diseases

Background: The effectiveness of physical exercise in treating cardiorespiratory diseases is well established. Systematic training can lead to changes in morphofunctional markers; however, the degree of effectiveness varies based on the type of exercise, the intensity of the activity, as well as the age, gender, and overall health of the individual. The purpose of the research: To determine and to develop the impact of fitness activities and specialized breathing exercises on the morphofunctional state of female students with cardiorespiratory diseases. Materials and Methods: The study involved 53 female students from Lviv University of Trade and Economics, aged 18 to 19, who had cardiorespiratory diseases. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (nEG=25) and the control group (nCG=28). The control group followed the traditional physical education (PE) program designed for students in special medical groups. This program included physical therapy classes, recreational walking, running, and gymnastics. The experimental group participated in individualized fitness programs that combined basic aerobics with breathing exercises for oriental martial arts. The primary markers for assessment included anthropometric measurements, indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, levels of physical development, and self-evaluations of psycho-emotional wellbeing. The experimental group was engaged in performance of the developed individualized fitness programs using basic aerobics combined with sets of breathing exercises for oriental martial arts. The main markers were anthropometric ones, those of the cardiovascular and respiratory system, physical development and self-assessment of the psycho-emotional state. Results: The results indicate that the experimental program significantly improves various health markers, including body mass index, circumferential measurements, thoracic excursion, heart rate, blood pressure, Robinson index, lung vital capacity, respiratory rate, vital index, and recovery time following a functional test. Conclusion: The recorded and statistically analyzed results indicate that a basic aerobics program combined with specific breathing exercises for oriental martial arts is effective. This program improves the studied markers and contributes to positive changes in the morphofunctional profile. These changes are significant for enhancing the health status of female students with cardiorespiratory diseases.