Experimental and Numerical Simulation of Flow Modes in Flow Focusing/Blurring Nozzle

The flow mode of the flow focusing/blurring nozzle was studied through experimental and numerical simulation methods. The experimental results indicate that the flow mode of the nozzle can be classified into flow focusing, transition, and flow blurring based on the location of the liquid jet breakup. Numerical simulation studies have found that the transformation of flow mode is mainly related to viscous shear force, gas pressure on the jet surface, and liquid inertia force. The increase in the gas flow rate changes the flow mode by affecting the viscous shear force. The increase in the liquid flow rate changes the flow mode by affecting the liquid inertial force. When the liquid flow rate is high, the increase in the liquid flow rate affects the flow mode by affecting the gas pressure on the jet surface. The study also found that excessive gas flow rates can hinder the flow of liquid inside the nozzle, while excessive liquid flow rates can hinder the breakup of liquid inside the nozzle. Therefore, the normal operation of the flow focusing/blurring nozzle requires ensuring that the gas and liquid flow rates are within the normal range.