Effects of Stage Lighting on Visual Comfort at Summer Festivals: A Study in Portugal

<b>Background</b>: The primary objective of this study was to assess the visual comfort and health impacts of stage lighting on attendees at summer festivals. Specifically, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of different types of lighting, including natural, artificial, and stage lighting, on symptoms such as glare, eye strain, tearing, and temporary vision loss. <b>Methods</b>: A survey was conducted among attendees of various summer festivals in Portugal. Participants were asked about their perceptions of lighting conditions and the related visual symptoms they experienced. The survey addressed sensitivity to different types of lighting, the impact of smoke on eye discomfort, and potential strategies for improving visual comfort. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS^® v.27 to explore trends and correlations. <b>Results</b>: The findings indicated that cooler stage lighting was associated with a higher incidence of glare, with male participants reporting greater discomfort than females. However, there were no significant differences between gender, age, or refractive status when examining the effects of smoke on symptoms like dry eyes and tearing. Notably, participants aged 19-25 experienced more frequent tearing under stage lighting. Key recommendations included the use of high-quality LED lighting, supported by 44.81% of respondents, and the provision of low-light areas for visual rest, which 37.66% of participants deemed essential. Additional suggestions included minimizing intermittent lights and increasing the awareness of vision protection to improve visual comfort. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study highlights the importance of optimizing stage lighting to enhance visual comfort at summer festivals. Festival organizers are encouraged to implement high-quality LED lighting and directional lighting technologies, as well as to create low-light zones for visual rest. Reducing the use of flashing or intermittent lights and providing eye protection information to attendees are also crucial steps to improve the overall visual experience and safeguard eye health at large-scale events.