Method of the accurate intensity detection for ICCD-based low light observation

Low light observation using an Intensified CCD (ICCD) camera as a photon detector can achieve intensity detection. However, the signals that the detection system receives are simultaneously impacted by noises such as stray light and its shot noise, shot noise of detected signal, photon intensify non-uniformity (PINU) error, photon response non-uniformity (PRNU) error, and readout noise. Through the establishment of the noise model, the impact of noise on the intensity of the detected target under various conditions are analyzed in this paper. Additionally, utilizing the differential intensities undulations of the target signal in multi-frame images and the differential centroid undulations, the study develops and simulates a method to reverse the target's actual target intensity. The method is proven through simulation. The results indicate that the methodology may be able to obtain a more accurate target intensity classification when stray light is present. This work has positive significance for enhancing the accuracy of data processing through low-light remote sensing