The Application and Limitation of IoT in Bills of Lading: Reflection on Future Technological Directions

The maritime shipping industry is increasingly using the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve the management of bills of lading, enabling real-time tracking and data sharing. However, IoT faces challenges such as technical complexity, data security risks, and high costs. This paper examines the applications and limitations of IoT in this context, highlighting areas where improvement is needed. While specific solutions are not discussed, the paper suggests that future technologies like blockchain may complement IoT, offering a direction for further research and development.