Unveiling the Impact of Allethrin-Related Mosquito Coil Exposure on Testicular Histology: Investigating the Protective Role of Vitamin C and withdrawal dynamics

Introduction: Allethrin is a common pyrethroid, one of the major component of mosquito coils that is noxious. The aim of the current study is to see the protective effect of Vitamin C on an induced testicular damage by Allethrin as well as comparing it to withdrawal prognosis. Material and method: The Wistar rats comprised of following groups: Group 1-control group , Groups II, III, and IV- exposure groups. Each group consisted of 12 rats. These were subjected to mosquito coil fumes continuously overnight for eight hours every day for a duration of twelve weeks. To demonstrate the effects of withdrawal, Wistar rats from group III were kept in an environment free from additional exposure for eight weeks after the 12-week exposure period. In addition, Group IV received Vitamin C. Result: Group II exhibited significant alterations in the testicular architecture, including conspicuous shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, an increase in intertubular space, thickening and disruption of the basement membrane, decreased thickness of the germinal epithelium, sloughing of germinal cells into the lumen, reduced numbers and size of spermatogenic cells, retracted cytoplasmic processes of Sertoli cells, interstitial edema, lipid vacuolation, and deformation of Leydig cells. Withdrawal in group III showed some histopathological improvements, while group IV, treated with Vitamin C, demonstrated even more remarkable enhancements. Conclusion: Exposure of Wistar Albino rats to mosquito coils containing allethrin led to notable histopathological changes. However, these adverse effects can be ameliorated by incorporating daily antioxidant intake, such as Vitamin C supplementation. KEY WORDS: Mosquito Coil, Allethrin, Testicular, Seminiferous Tubules, Vitamin C, Antioxidant.