Research on Villages Classification and Development Strategy under the Concept of “Five States”Fusion ———Taking Traditional Villages in Southern Shaanxi as an Example

As the origin and an important carrier of Chinese traditional culture, traditional villages have been irreversibly affected by population loss, unused land, ecological damage and cultural annihilation through urbanisation and modernisation. Accordingly, their protection and development are facing practical problems, such as recession, disappearance and transformation. Based on the embeddedness of local characteristics and local culture in the traditional villages, and combined with the evolution characteristics and resources endowment of traditional villages, the multi-disciplinary, multi-dimensional, and dynamic research perspectives are applied to explore the suitable and efficient strategies classified protection and development for traditional villages. Traditional villages are structural organisms in which humans and nature symbiotically interact in a specific time and space process, confirming the trajectories of activities and true effects of economic and social development in different historical stages. This paper constructs a ternary regional system for traditional villages by incorporating the traditional village spatial subject research into the traditional dual analysis framework of ‘Human and Land ’. This paper further proposes the traditional village analysis method centring on ‘Five States ’ fusion, focusing on the village's ecology, culture, industry and space and the endogenous linkages and co-progress between these elements. A diversified, adaptable and complicated traditional village collaborative development mechanism is summarised by analysing the multiple types of interactions and combination relationships generated by each element. At the same time, combined with the life cycle evolution process of traditional villages covering ‘Formation-Development-Maturity-Decay-Rejuvenation ’and based on the analysis of dynamic transformations and transformations between ecology, culture, industry and space, the following is put forward in the paper. First, in the ‘Formation-Development'stage, the traditional villages present the development characteristics of ‘Ecological Resource Concentration '. Second, in the ‘Development-Maturity ’stage, the traditional villages present the development specialty of ‘Industrial function Symbiosis ’. Third, in the ‘Mature-Decay ’stage, the traditional villages present the development impetus of ‘Differentiated Collage Organisation ’. Finally, in the stage of ‘Decay-Rejuvenation ’, the traditional villages present the development change of the ‘Adaptation and Regulation Between Culture and Landscape ’.