Promoting multilingualism in school

In this article, various models of motivation that influence the learning process are examined, with a particular focus on the field of foreign languages. Motivational structures, including academic self-efficacy, attributions, achievements, and internal motivational objectives, are presented as fundamental elements in promoting or hindering academic success. The diverse ways in which students can be motivated are analyzed, highlighting the importance of adapting motivation to the context, arguing that it may vary depending on the situation, context, and school environment. Definitions and understanding of adaptive and maladaptive motivational models are proposed, along with an analysis of their evolution over time. Research results are presented, indicating that beliefs associated with adaptive motivation, such as academic self-efficacy, lead to improved performance and achievements, while beliefs associated with maladaptive motivation, such as fear of failure, have negative effects on academic performance and achievements.