Root canal shaping in the age of minimally invasive endodontics

: To review the advancements in root canal shaping techniques within the framework of minimally invasive endodontics (MIE) and to evaluate their impact on patient outcomes and treatment efficacy. This review synthesizes recent literature on root canal shaping, focusing on the evolution of techniques and instrumentation, including rotary and reciprocating systems. The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in facilitating minimally invasive approaches is also discussed. MIE emphasizes the preservation of natural tooth structure, shifting away from traditional methods that prioritize extensive dentin removal. Advances in rotary and reciprocating instrumentation have enhanced the ability to shape canals conservatively while maintaining effective disinfection. CBCT imaging aids in accurate assessment of canal anatomy, thus supporting minimally invasive practices. The implementation of MIE poses challenges, particularly in achieving thorough canal disinfection without excessive dentin removal. Despite these challenges, studies indicate improved long-term outcomes for teeth treated with minimally invasive techniques, reducing the risk of fractures and enhancing tooth longevity. Minimally invasive endodontics represents a significant evolution in root canal shaping, balancing the need for effective treatment with the preservation of tooth integrity. Ongoing advancements in technology and techniques are expected to further optimize outcomes in endodontic therapy.