Evaluation Of the Potential Cytotoxic, Antimetastatic, and Antioxidant Abilities Of Chrysin and Astaxanthin İn Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Aim: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has worst overall survival of all breast cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chrysin and astaxanthin on cell viability/cytotoxicity, metastasis, and oxidative stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. Material and Methods: The effects of chrysin (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 40, 50, 75, 90, 100 µg/ml) and astaxanthin (5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 50, 75, 90, 100 µg/ml) on cell viability/cytotoxicity in TNBC (MDA-MB-231) cells were determined by WST-1. The efficacy of chrysin and astaxanthin on cell migration and metastasis was determined by scratch assay. In addition, the effect of chrysin and astaxanthin on the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MDA-MB-231 cells was determined by DCF-DA analysis. Results: Astaxanthin did not suppress cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 cells according to our WST-1 data. However, cell viability of the MDA-MB-231 cell line at higher chrysin doses decreased to %70 at all-time intervals. After 48 hours of exposure to chrysin (40 µg/ml) and astaxanthin (25 µg/ml), the scratch in the MDA-MB-231 cells was closed. Astaxanthin at a dose of 25 µg/ml was found not to cause oxidative stress at 24 hours after exposure, but a high fluorescence intensity was detected at 48 hours. On the other hand, after the administration of 40 µg/ml chrysin, more fluorescence intensity was detected at both 24 and 48 hours. Conclusion: Chrysin and astaxanthin may have effects on cell migration and intracellular ROS accumulation, however, they did not inhibit cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 cells.