Design of Phased Array Antenna for Equatorial Single LEO Satellite Ground Station

The importance of this research lies in its contribution to the field of antenna design, particularly with regard to the development of more cost-effective solutions for LEO satellite communication technology. The design and optimisation process were conducted using MATLAB software, with innovative techniques including non-uniform array configuration, electrical scanning, and tapering being applied. The outcome is a non-uniform spacing phased array configuration, comprising 11x11 elements, which exhibits the following characteristics: gain in 43.75 dB for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$12^{\circ}$</tex> of HPBW and SLL in 18.87 dB when scanning in the broadside direction; and gain in 37.80 dB for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$15^{\circ}$</tex> of HPBW and SLL in 14.31 dB when scanning in a direction that allows for <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$30^{\circ}$</tex> azimuth and elevation angles.