Estimation of Energy Consumption on Urban Access Roads Using the Two-Fluid Model

This study focuses on estimating energy consumption on access roads to the city of Vologda using the Two-Fluid model. The analysis includes key parameters of the model—n (sensitivity to changes in road conditions), Tf (travel time per unit distance), p (traffic flow comparison coefficient), and e (energy efficiency)—within the context of Vologda’s road network and traffic flows. The results show that these parameters for Vologda differ from the values reported in the literature, indicating the unique characteristics of the local conditions. In particular, n and Tf demonstrate moderate sensitivity and high road service quality, respectively. The parameter p confirms that energy consumption increases with rising traffic congestion, while e suggests higher energy consumption compared to other regions. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for local conditions when applying models to estimate traffic flows and energy consumption, offering a direction for further research in this area.