A Capacitor Switching Disturbance Detection Method Based on Voltage Differential Waveforms

As the scale of power systems continues to expand, it is often necessary to switch capacitors to ensure the normal operation of the distribution network. However, there is currently no efficient, simple, and accurate method to detect transient disturbances caused by capacitor switching. This paper proposes a capacitor switching disturbance detection method based on voltage differential waveforms. First, voltage transient disturbances are detected for further analysis. Second, the voltage transient components are extracted, and a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is performed on the data between the disturbance start and end points. The result of the DFT is the spectrum of the transient components, where the frequency corresponding to the highest spectral component is referred to as the dominant frequency f<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</inf>. If f<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</inf> lies between 300 Hz and 1000 Hz, the transient disturbance is identified as caused by capacitor switching. Finally, the method is validated using an IEEE 30-bus system network as an example, with results consistent with both simulation and theoretical analysis.