Human Rights and Ethics Guiding Human-Machine Teaming

Human-machine teaming (HMT) is defined as “integration of human interaction with machine intelligence capabilities” in ISO/IEC 22989:2022. The discussion begins with an overview and examples where humans and machines such as AI systems and robots collaboratively solve problems. The HMT organizational framework is presented in five relationship types, depending on the hierarchical relationship between human and machines. Its ethical challenge created by HMT and the role the machine performs, and how information flows between human and machine. It is useful in analyzing the technical and ethical human-machine teaming issues. The paper includes a simple case study which employed HMT in the preparation of this discussion and identified challenges and risks associated with its use. The paper concludes with emphasis on the risks to Human Rights and how humanity will surmount the new reality.