Study on a Coaxial Stacked Blumlein Pulse Generator With Inner Conductors Connected in Parallel

Stacked Blumlein pulse generators are crucial for compact and solid-state pulsed power systems, facing a challenge for high efficiency. The study established a theoretical calculation model including electromagnetic coupling mechanism and proposed an improved design for the structure of inner conductors connected in parallel. Theoretical wave propagation analysis compares the output characteristics of two structures: inner conductors connected in series (traditional) and in parallel (improved). Calculation results show that the parallel structure exhibits a higher output voltage efficiency under the same conditions. Furthermore, PSPICE simulations verify the effect of coupled transmission lines on output waveform quality and voltage efficiency. The coupled transmission lines degrade waveform quality, with the electrical length determining distortion degree and characteristic impedance affecting voltage amplitude. Experimental tests confirm the superior voltage stacking efficiency of the structure of inner conductors connected in parallel. A 96.1% voltage efficiency with a five-stage Blumlein at 489-V charging voltage and 500-<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> load impedance was achieved, generating an output pulse with a pulsewidth of 72 ns and a rise time of 17 ns.