GI 725A b: A potential super-Earth detected with SOPHIE and SPIRou in an M dwarf binary system at 3.5 pc

We report the discovery of a super-Earth candidate orbiting the nearby mid-M dwarf Gl 725A using the radial velocity (RV) method. The planetary signal has been independently identified using high-precision RVs from the SOPHIE and SPIRou spectrographs, in the optical and near-infrared (NIR) domains, respectively. We modelled the stellar activity signal jointly with the planet using two Gaussian processes, one for each instrument to account for the chromaticity of the stellar activity and instrumental systematics, along with a Keplerian model. The signal was significantly detected with a RV semi-amplitude of 1.67 ± 0.20 m/s. The planet Gl725A b is found to be in an orbit compatible with circular with a period of 11.2201 ± 0.0051 days. We analysed 27 sectors of TESS photometry, for which no transit event was found. We determined a minimum mass of M p sin i = 2.78 ± 0.35 M ⊕ , which places the planet in the super-Earth regime. Using mass-radius relationships, we predict the planetary radius to be between 1.2 and 2.0 R ⊕ . The proximity of Gl 725A (at only 3.5 pc) makes this new exoplanet one of the closest to Earth and joins the group of S-type low-mass planets in short orbits ( P < 15 days) around close M dwarfs.

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Publication Details

Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2024-12-03
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202451646
Citations
5
Primary Topic
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.66

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article

GI 725A b: A potential super-Earth detected with SOPHIE and SPIRou in an M dwarf binary system at 3.5 pc

A. Collier Cameron, A. Carmona, N. Heidari, S. Sulis et al.
5 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
1.66
article

GI 725A b: A potential super-Earth detected with SOPHIE and SPIRou in an M dwarf binary system at 3.5 pc

A. Collier Cameron, A. Carmona, N. Heidari, S. Sulis, S. Cabrit, H. G. Vivien, N. Hara, N. Astudillo-Defru, J.-F. Donati, J. Gomes da Silva, Merwan Ould-Elhkim, I. Boisse, S. Grouffal, P. Fouqué, C. Cadieux, P. Larue, J. Serrano Bell, T. Forveille, Eder Martioli, Maxime Maurice, Antoine C. Petit, X. Delfosse, L. Acuña, X. Bonfils, J. H. C. Martins, P. Cortes-Zuleta, Neil J. Cook, R.F. D'iaz, Clément Baruteau, T. G. Wilson, K. Grankin, E. Artigau, Lisa Altinier, J. Scigliuto, C. Moutou, G. Hébrard, E. Decocq
article en
5 citations

Abstract

We report the discovery of a super-Earth candidate orbiting the nearby mid-M dwarf Gl 725A using the radial velocity (RV) method. The planetary signal has been independently identified using high-precision RVs from the SOPHIE and SPIRou spectrographs, in the optical and near-infrared (NIR) domains, respectively. We modelled the stellar activity signal jointly with the planet using two Gaussian processes, one for each instrument to account for the chromaticity of the stellar activity and instrumental systematics, along with a Keplerian model. The signal was significantly detected with a RV semi-amplitude of 1.67 ± 0.20 m/s. The planet Gl725A b is found to be in an orbit compatible with circular with a period of 11.2201 ± 0.0051 days. We analysed 27 sectors of TESS photometry, for which no transit event was found. We determined a minimum mass of M p sin i = 2.78 ± 0.35 M ⊕ , which places the planet in the super-Earth regime. Using mass-radius relationships, we predict the planetary radius to be between 1.2 and 2.0 R ⊕ . The proximity of Gl 725A (at only 3.5 pc) makes this new exoplanet one of the closest to Earth and joins the group of S-type low-mass planets in short orbits ( P < 15 days) around close M dwarfs.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 693
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (AR), University of St Andrews (GB), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (FR), Aix-Marseille Université (FR), National University of General San Martín (AR), Observatoire de Paris (FR), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (FR), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (FR), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (CL), University of Warwick (GB), Sorbonne Université (FR), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (FR), Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences (PT), Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (DE), Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (FR), Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur (FR), International Center for Advanced Studies (AR), Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica (BR), Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (UA), Université de Montréal (CA), Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
UK Space Agency, University of Warwick, European Commission, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Science and Technology Facilities Council, European Research Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica, U.S. Naval Observatory
Openalex Percentile: Top 16%
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
1.66
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