فاعلية القانون الدولي الإنساني في تنظيم الحرب السيبرانية

Abstract Cyber ​​warfare is a natural consequence of the technological revolution of the 21st century, which has been a revolution without borders. Cyber ​​warfare poses an increasing threat to the civilian infrastructure of states before their military ones, such as the health care sector and electricity systems. These attacks cause damage that may even disrupt essential services. Although international humanitarian law does not specifically mention cyber-attacks, its principles can be applied to cyber warfare. Cyber ​​warfare is characterized by the lack of clear geographical boundaries and the difficulty of identifying the source of attacks, which complicates the process of conventional deterrence and makes it difficult to apply the rules of conventional warfare directly. Here, the international community must adapt and update the rules of international humanitarian law to include cyber-attacks more clearly, taking into account the unique characteristics of cyberspace. International cooperation and information exchange between states should also be strengthened to confront cyber threats. This cooperation should include improving the ability to detect attacks and developing integrated defense strategies. Keywords: International Humanitarian Law, Cyber Warfare, Cyber Attacks, International Cooperation, Critical Infrastructure.