Distinct Hemostasis and Blood Composition in Spiny Mouse Acomys cahirinus

The spiny mouse (<i>Acomys</i> species) is capable of scarless wound regeneration through largely yet unknown mechanisms. To investigate whether this capacity is related to peculiarities of the hemostatic system, we studied the blood of <i>Acomys cahirinus</i> in comparison to <i>Mus musculus</i> (Balb/c) to reveal differences in blood composition and clotting in both males and females. In response to surgical manipulations, blood clots formed in wounds of <i>Acomys</i> comprised a stronger hemostatic seal with reduced surgical bleeding in comparison with Balb/c. <i>Acomys</i> demonstrated notably shorter tail bleeding times and elevated clottable fibrinogen levels. Histological analysis revealed that clots from <i>Acomys</i> blood had densely packed fibrin-rich clots with pronounced fibrin segregation from erythrocytes. <i>Acomys</i> exhibited superior plasma clot stiffness as revealed with thromboelastography. The latter two characteristics are likely due to hyperfibrinogenemia. Light transmission platelet aggregometry demonstrated that ADP-induced platelet aggregates in <i>Acomys</i> males are stable, unlike the aggregates formed in the plasma of Balb/c undergoing progressive disaggregation over time. There were no apparent distinctions in platelet contractility and baseline expression of phosphatidylserine. Hematological profiling revealed a reduced erythrocytes count but increased mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin content in <i>Acomys</i>. These results demonstrate the distinctive hemostatic potential of <i>Acomys cahirinus</i>, which may contribute to their remarkable regenerative capacity.