The Role of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Heart Failure: A Cross - Sectional Study from Central India

Heart failure (HF) remains a critical health issue in India, with a rising burden among diabetics due to the dual prevalence of communicable and non - communicable diseases. This cross - sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in central India assessed 186 patients with HF, including 104 diabetics and 82 non - diabetics. The study revealed that diabetics with HF were significantly older, predominantly male, and exhibited higher rates of hypertension, tobacco consumption, and dyslipidemia compared to non - diabetics. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) was more common among diabetics (92.31%) and statistically significant. Despite similar anthropometric and echocardiographic profiles, diabetics had a significantly higher mean ejection fraction. These findings underscore the intricate link between type 2 diabetes and heart failure, highlighting the need for targeted interventions in this high - risk group.