Inhibition of miR-4763-3p expression activates the PI3K/mTOR/Bcl2 autophagy signaling pathway to ameliorate cognitive decline

Cognitive decline and memory impairment are subsequently result in neuronal apoptosis and synaptic damage. Aberrant regulation of microRNAs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may play a pivotal role in the early stages of the disease. In this study, we identified the critical role of miR-4763-3p in AD pathogenesis, focusing on early-stage mild cognitive impairment (AD-MCI). Leveraging fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization, we observed miR-4763-3p upregulation in AD hippocampal tissue, colocalizing with Aβ and Tau. Antagomir-mediated inhibition of miR-4763-3p ameliorated cognitive decline in AD-MCI mice. RNA-seq and functional assays revealed that miR-4763-3p targets ATP11A, and antagomir enhancing inward flipping of the "eat me" phosphatidylserine signal on the surface of neuronal cells, autophagy, and clearance of Aβ/lipofuscin, while reducing neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Mechanistically, miR-4763-3p modulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/Bcl2 pathway, thereby promoting neuronal autophagy and reducing apoptotic crosstalk. These findings underscore miR-4763-3p as a therapeutic target for AD-MCI, offering a novel strategy to enhance neuronal autophagy, alleviate inflammation, and improve cognitive function.