Photovoltaic module dataset for automated fault detection and analysis in large photovoltaic systems using photovoltaic module fault detection

Solar energy has become the fastest growing renewable and alternative source of energy. However, there is little or no open-source datasets to advance research knowledge in photovoltaic related systems. The work presented in this article is a step towards deriving Photo-Voltaic Module Dataset (PVMD) of thermal images and ensuring they are publicly available. The work provides a PVMD dataset comprising a total of 1000 self-acquired and augmented images. The dataset includes both permanent and temporal anomalies, namely Hotspots, Cracks, and Shadings. The dataset was collected on September 5, 2024 at the Soshanguve South Campus, Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa using DJI Mavic 3 Thermal's high-resolution thermal and visual imaging capabilities. DJI Mavic 3 Thermal coupled with its advanced flight features makes it an excellent tool for precise and efficient inspections of PV systems. The laboratory experiment performed on the dataset lasted one week. The work aims to provide supervised dataset good enough to support research method in providing a comprehensive and efficient approach to monitoring and maintaining large PV systems. Extensive analysis of the thermal data reveals the anomalies as indicative of faults in the solar cells of PV module, thereby opening up advancement in solar energy research. Because the data comes from a single-day collection and one week laboratory experiment, it makes the data more suitable for testing algorithms designed for fault detection. The dataset is publicly and freely available to the scientific community at 10.17632/5ssmfpgrpc.1.