Sidelobe Suppression in Antenna Array via Amplitude Tapers for Ku-band Internet of Things Satellites

This study provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of different amplitude distributions on sidelobe level (SLL) suppression in Ku-band Internet of Things (IoT) satellite antenna arrays. Key findings reveal that distributions such as Chebyshev and Taylor achieve significant reductions in sidelobe levels, lowering SLL by up to 30 dB compared to the baseline uniform distribution, while maintaining respectable gain levels of 27.8 dBi and 27.2 dBi, respectively. A comprehensive comparison is conducted across uniform, cosine, cosine squared, binomial, Chebyshev, and Taylor amplitude distributions, evaluating their influence on critical performance metrics, including SLL, gain, and half-power beamwidth (HPBW). Notably, the cosine squared distribution achieved the highest sidelobe suppression at $-\mathbf{3 0. 6} \mathrm{dB}$, although with trade-offs in gain and beamwidth. These results underscore the importance of selecting appropriate amplitude distributions to enhance communication reliability and minimize interference in IoT satellite systems operating in the Ku-band. The insights gained from this study contribute to the ongoing optimization of antenna array designs for high-performance satellite communication in emerging IoT applications.