Efficacy of low-temperature argon plasma in the rehabilitation of patients undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer

Background: During radiation therapy for breast cancer, healthy tissues are damaged, leading to both systemic and local reactions, including radiation dermatitis with such symptoms as erythema, dryness, peeling, and pain. Disturbances of the microcirculation lead to hypoxia and fibrosis. The use of low-temperature argon plasma is a promising method for preventing acute radiation-induced skin damage, which is crucial for maintaining quality of life, preventing complications, and minimizing long-term effects. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of low-temperature argon plasma used in the complex medical rehabilitation of patients undergoing external radiation therapy for breast cancer. Materials and methods: A prospective, randomized interventional study was conducted involving 60 breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. All patients received a course of medical rehabilitation, including general magnetic therapy, exercise therapy, balance response training on a biofeedback simulator, nutritional support, and sessions with a medical psychologist. In the main group (n = 30), rehabilitation included low-temperature argon plasma treatment. Outcomes were assessed using the RTOG scale for acute complications of radiation therapy and laser Doppler flowmetry. Results: After completing radiation therapy and complex medical rehabilitation, statistically significant differences were observed between the main group and the comparison group (which did not receive low-temperature argon plasma treatment) in the severity of radiation reactions on the RTOG scale (p = 0.016) and in peripheral blood flow parameters. Conclusion: Low-temperature argon plasma supports nutritional blood flow and active mechanisms for microcirculatory regulation, preserving skin blood supply and preventing severe acute radiation dermatitis.