Cluster Validity for Optimizing Classification Model: Davies Bouldin Index – Random Forest Algorithm

Several factors impact pregnant women’s health and mortality rates. The symptoms of disease in pregnant women are often similar. This makes it difficult to evaluate which factors contribute to a low, medium, or high risk of mortality among pregnant women. The purpose of this research is to generate classification rules for maternal health risk using optimal clusters. The optimal cluster is obtained from the process carried out by the validity cluster. The methods used are K-Means clustering, Davies Bouldin Index (DBI), and the Random Forest algorithm. These methods build optimum clusters from a set of k-tests to produce the best classification. Optimal clusters comprising cluster members withstrong similarities are high-dimensional data. Therefore, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique is required to evaluate attribute value. The result of the research is that the best classification rule was obtained from k-tests = 22 on the 20th cluster, which has an accuracy of 97% to low, mid, and high risk. The novelty lies in using DBI for data that the Random Forest will classify. According to the research findings, the classification rules created through optimal clusters are 9.7% better than without the clustering process. This demonstrates that optimizing the data group has implications for enhancing the classification algorithm’s performance.