Monitoring of heavy metals in some desert plants south of Basra province, Iraq

This study examines heavy metal concentrations in desert flora from two locations in Basra Province, Iraq, offering essential insights into environmental pollution. Heavy metals were analyzed at various locations to assess variability. Cadmium displayed stable levels, whereas cobalt demonstrated considerable variations, signifying an irregular distribution. Manganese was abundant although markedly inconsistent. Nickel exhibited stability. Lead had stable amounts, but zinc displayed significant presence and change. These results guide environmental evaluations and management strategies. The variability among places and plant species underscores the impact of local variables and physiological characteristics. Erodium glaucophyllum, Diplotaxis harra, and Astragalus spinosa exhibited unique accumulation capacities. Soil properties varied, clarifying ecological processes. This study enhances the comprehension of heavy metal accumulation patterns in Iraqi desert vegetation, supporting efforts for conservation and contamination reduction.