Anatomical and functional concepts of the temporomandibular joint

The temporomandibular joint articulates the mandible with the lower surface of the base of the skull; it constitutes a fundamental component of the masticatory apparatus. The objective was to describe the temporomandibular joint from the embryological, histological and morphofunctional point of view, taking into account the importance of this knowledge for dentists. A bibliographic review was carried out taking into account the most up-to-date scientific literature on the subject. 15 bibliographies were used. Documentary analysis, analytical-synthetic and historical-logical analysis methods were used for the development of the research. The study of the embryology, histology, anatomy and physiology of the temporomandibular joint reveals its complexity and vital importance in oral and general health; in addition, it allows us to understand its biomechanics and the distribution of forces during mastication. A comprehensive understanding of this joint is of great importance for dentists, as it will allow the timely detection and treatment of temporomandibular disorders that negatively influence the quality of life of patients.