Antidiabetic Effectiveness Test of Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) Extract Suspension in Male White Mice (Mus musculus)

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by the inability of the pancreas to produce the hormone insulin in accordance with the body's requirements. Diabetes mellitus is a lifelong disease and, as yet, there is no cure. The costs associated with diabetes mellitus drugs are currently quite expensive. The utilisation of traditional medicinal practices involving the use of medicinal plants represents an alternative treatment option that employs natural ingredients with minimal side effects. One such example is the use of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.), which has been demonstrated to possess antidiabetic properties. The objective of this study was to ascertain the antidiabetic efficacy of a bitter melon fruit extract suspension formula. This study employed an experimental methodology, whereby a suspension formulation of bitter melon fruit extract was prepared with three distinct doses. A total of 25 male white mice, induced with alloxan, were selected as test animals and divided into five treatment groups. Group X1 received a dose of 150 mg/kg b.w., Group X2 received a dose of 300 mg/kg b.w., Group X3 received a dose of 450 mg/kg b.w., while the negative control and positive control groups were also included. The data were subsequently analysed using the statistical software package SPSS (version 27), which included tests for normality, homogeneity, one-way ANOVA and the T-test. The findings of this study indicate that the treatment group, which received a suspension of bitter melon fruit extract at a dose of 450 mg/kg bw, exhibited a superior efficacy in reducing blood glucose levels, approaching the level observed in the positive control group.