Evaluation of Cardiac Status and Study of Co - Existing Cardiovascular Risk Factors of Isolated Systolic Hypertension in Elderly Population

Background: The incidence of Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in has dramatically increased over the last ten years, with overweight and obesity playing a major role. Despite the fact that it's yet unclear if ISH and a higher risk of cardiovascular death (CVD) are related. Objectives: To study of co - existing cardiovascular risk factors of isolated systolic hypertension in elderly population. Methods: This was 18 month hospital based cross sectional study conducted by Dept. of Medicine; Dr. KNS Memorial Institute of Medical Science, barabanki. One hundred patients, all 60 years and above were included. Each one of these people had their isolated systolic blood pressure checked. i. e. (SBP > 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg), first time recognised, who visited to Dr KNS Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki in outpatient and inpatient department. Patient were evaluated clinically, also lipid profile, ECG and 2DECHO was done. For qualitative data analysis Chi square test was applied, and for quantitative data analysis t - test and ANOVA tests was applied for significance. If P value <0.05, it was considered significant. Results: ISH was associated with dyslipidemia (33%), history of smoking (23%), and other factors. The mean value of SLC and RES score was found signifiacnlty higher in stage 3 ISH as compared to other grade of ISH (P=0.001). In our study LVH by SLC criteria and REC criteria is significantly associated with stage 3 ISH (p<0.05). Advanced stage of ISH was significantly associated with LVH. Among 100 cases 25% cases had ischemia. The occurrence of ischemia was found to be linked with advanced stage of ISH (p=0.001). The average patient weighed 62.53?9.50 kg, stood 161.18?11.91 cm tall, and had a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.42?5.19 kg/m2. The mean BSA was 1.65?0.15 m2. The mean Waist hip ratio was 0.92?0.18. Mean value of BMI (p=0.031) and W/H ratio (p=0.023) was comparatively higher in stage 3 ISH. The most prevalent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including a high body mass index (35%), a high waist - to - hip ratio (47%), and diabetes (29%), were connected to isolated systolic hypertension. Conclusion: Individualised systolic hypertension affects most people over the age of 60. Hypertension worsens (reaches a higher stage) as people get older. Most cases of isolated systolic hypertension are associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and a high waist - to - hip ratio.