Anaemia, Dyslipidaemia and Electrolytes Imbalance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action and metabolic disorders of protein and lipids. Diabetic dyslipidaemia is a risk factor of the early development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Electrolyte imbalance also are common in diabetic patients and may be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, Anaemia in diabetic patient has a significant adverse effect on quality of life. Therefore, early detection of anaemia, dyslipidaemia and electrolyte imbalance may reduce the prevalence of complications in T2DM. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and correlation of anaemia, dyslipidaemia, electrolyte imbalance in T2DM. A number of 50 T2DM patients’ demographic, biochemical and clinical data was collected from Zliten Medical Centre, Diabetes and Endocrinology Centres in Alkhoms & Zliten and Bin Haider Medical Laboratory. The raw data was classified and then analysed by the SPSS software. The results show that hypomagnesaemia is found to be prevalent pattern of electrolyte imbalance in T2DM patients (42/50) 84%. Hypertriglyceridemia (25/50) 50%, high VLDL (25/50) 50% and high LDL- cholesteraemia (20/50) 40%. Anaemia is shown to be endemic in T2DM patients which was determined by Hb level and found to be (39/50) 78%. Furthermore, T2DM was found to be uncontrolled in almost all of the study’s patients (49/50) 98%. In conclusion, anaemia, dyslipidaemia is very common in our study and high electrolyte imbalance is only represented by hypomagnesaemia.