Strong Positive Correlations Between the Levels of Systemic Inflammation Markers and the Occurrence of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

In this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the associations between systemic inflammation markers and persistent atrial fibrillation (pAF), intending to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of pAF.In the analysis, a total of 207 patients were included, with 109 in the pAF group and 98 in the non-pAF group. The associations between three systemic inflammation markers were investigated, namely, the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), system inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), and pAF.The proportion of pAF showed a gradual increase with increasing logSII, logSIRI, and logAISI tertiles. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, those in the highest logSII and logSIRI tertiles had 3.196- and 2.884-fold higher risks of developing pAF, respectively. Nonetheless, no significant correlation between logAISI and pAF risk was observed in the highest tertile of logAISI. The restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between the elevation of systemic inflammation markers and the risk of pAF, with logSII ≥ 2.56, logSIRI ≥ -0.10, and logAISI ≥ 2.28 identified as significant predictors. The receiver operating characteristic analysis of logSII, logSIRI, and logAISI showed AUC values of 0.629, 0.721, and 0.646, respectively. It also presented favorable sensitivity and specificity of these systemic inflammation markers in detecting the presence of pAF.To conclude, our cross-sectional study shows significant positive correlations between the SII, SIRI, and AISI with the incidence of pAF.