The Genome Sequence of Bacillus toyonensis Strain IP 5832 Isolated from the Probiotic “Bactisubtil@” Contains Genes of Bacillus cereus Pathogenicity Factors and Antibiotic Resistance

Probiotic preparations containing both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are a common choice for gut microbiota restoration. High-throughput sequencing allows for comprehensive genome analysis. In the case of bacterial strains occurring in probiotic preparations, the absence of genes related to pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance is essential. Genome analysis of strain IP 5832, a component of the “Bactisubtil” probiotic preparation, resulted in identification of this microorganism as belonging to the Bacillus toyonensis genomovar, representatives of which are frequently used as probiotic bacteria, including those for animal husbandry. B. toyonensis belongs to the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria, members of which are capable of synthesizing a number of pathogenicity factors causing various types of food poisoning. It was found that the genome of B. toyonensis IP 5832 contained the following pathogenicity factor genes typical of Bacillus cereus sensu lato: non-hemolytic enterotoxin (nheA, nheB, nheC), hemolysin BL (hblC, hblD, hblA, hblB), cereolysin O (clo), hemolysin III, three genes encoding phospholipases C with different specificity (cerA, cerB, and plcB), as well as a set of genes encoding proteolytic enzymes also involved in pathogenesis (colQ1, inhA1, inhA2, inhA3, sfp, nprB, nprP2). Apart from the pathogenicity factor genes, the genes providing resistance to such antibiotics as tetracycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and kanamycin were identified and their activity was experimentally confirmed.