Nanoformulations: Microscopic Soliders Targeting Biofilms and Defeating Bacterial Resistance

Abstract Biofilms are organized colonies of bacteria surrounded by a self-generated polymeric matrix that sticks to surfaces. They are involved in a wide range of infections, especially chronic and device-related diseases, due to their resistance to traditional medicines and the human immune system. Nanoformulations have emerged as a viable technique for combating biofilms due to their distinct physicochemical features, which improve antimicrobial drug penetration, stability, and targeted administration. This review focuses on the most recent breakthroughs in nanoformulation techniques specifically developed to inhibit and disrupt biofilms.