An Overview on Gallbladder Cancer-Etiology, Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Approximately 1 in 5 GBC are detected in the early stages in the US.Clinicians will be able to target and diagnose populations at high risk by better understanding the etiology and risk factors for the disease. Epidemiology IncidenceThere were approximately 219,000 GBC diagnoses in 2018.As a percentage of all cancer diagnoses, this represents 1.5%.Females are more likely to develop GBC than males.Women tend to live longer, which may contribute to the disparity.Despite this, women's agestandardized GBC incidence, at 2.7% (per 100,000), is higher than men's, at 2.1 [15][16][17].A woman's lifetime risk of GBC is 0.28%, whereas a man's lifetime risk is 0.24%.Women in the US are more likely to be affected than men, with an incidence rate of 2.0 per 100,000 compared to 1.0 per 100,000 worldwide.In the US, men and women have a greater disparity than anywhere else [18].As a result of limited access to healthcare, genetics, diet, and lifestyle differences, American Indians and Alaska Natives had the highest incidence rate in the US.Among the US census regions, the Northeast and Midwest had the highest incidence of cancer.It is most prevalent in Eastern Europe, Asia, and Latin America.Countries with the top five highest age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 for males are Bolivia, Thailand, Republic of Korea, Chile,.Countries with the top five highest age-standardized