Adrenal neurofibroma masquerading as phaeochromocytoma

ABSTRACT This study describes the case of a 48-year-old male who was incidentally found to have a left adrenal mass during routine imaging, despite having no significant medical history or symptoms. Initial laboratory tests revealed elevated plasma-free normetanephrines, leading to a preliminary diagnosis of pheochromocytoma (PCC). Imaging confirmed a left large adrenal mass, which suggested PCC. However, following laparoscopic surgical excision, histopathological examination identified the mass as a neurofibroma, an uncommon and benign tumor in the adrenal gland. Post-surgery, the patient’s biochemical markers normalized, and follow-up imaging showed no residual mass. This case underscores the importance of thorough evaluation and consideration of differential diagnoses in the management of adrenal incidentalomas.