Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy: Three-Dimensional Sonographic Diagnosis of Hydrosalpinx in Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the role of 3D transvaginal sonography (3DTVS) in diagnosing hydrosalpinx, a common manifestation of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The PID is a complex inflammatory condition, in patients who can present with pelvic pain, infertility, or pelvic mass. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective case series and conducted to ascertain the potential utility of sonographic identification of hydrosalpinx. The patient data, across a series of patient cases, were analyzed to investigate the diagnostic and surgical approaches received. This case series comprised of patients with specific conditions including deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), as well as the utilization of the ovarian-adnexal radiological data-reporting system (O-RADS), for ovarian malignancy diagnosis. Results: Among the 42 patients diagnosed sonographically with hydrosalpinx and enrolled in the study, 19 underwent laparoscopic surgery to confirm the diagnoses through histopathology. Comparing sonographic findings with operative outcomes, the diagnostic accuracy in this case series revealed hydrosalpinx diagnosis was accurately established in 14 cases (74%) utilizing 3DTVS. Conclusion: In this group of patient cases, the use of noninvasive 3DTVS was found to be a valuable adjunct to conventional diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of hydrosalpinx and supplemented contemporary gynecologic practice.