The Perceived Instrumental Effects of Violence in Sport (PIEVS) Scale

Abstract: Beliefs about the instrumental effects of violence are a factor explaining abuse in sports. The availability of a valid and reliable scale to measure these beliefs can contribute to a better understanding of their nature and role in facilitating violence. This article introduces and validates the German version of the Perceived Instrumental Effects of Violence in Sport Scale (PIEVS-G-14). Study 1 examines the translation and evaluation of the scale structure, the development of a short version (PIEVS-G-6), and the construct validity and reliability of both the full and short versions in a sample of youth sports coaches ( n = 628). Studies 2 ( n = 444) and 3 ( n = 423) focus on cross-validating the structure of the PIEVS-G-14 and PIEVS-G-6 in two independent samples of youth sports coaches and provide further evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the scales. The results of the dimensional and psychometric tests offer evidence of the suitability of the PIEVS-G-14 and PIEVS-G-6 for use in German-speaking sports contexts.