Are recommended tackle techniques associated with superior performance outcomes? A retrospective video analysis study of elite women’s rugby union

This cross-sectional study aims to identify the situational characteristics, ball-carrier technical variables, and <i>Tackle Ready</i> recommended techniques associated with performance outcomes in elite women's Rugby Union. Using retrospective video analysis, 43 tackler and ball-carrier technical characteristics for 1500 tackle events in the 2022-23 Women's Six Nations Championship were assessed, considering match situation and performance outcomes. Rate ratio (RR) was determined using propensity rates. Effective tackles were associated with match situations involving two defenders, forwards tackling forwards, defensive teams moving forwards, and tackles initiated closer to attackers at ball reception. Seven out of the 22 coded <i>Tackle Ready</i> techniques were significantly associated with superior performance outcomes. Techniques associated with the greatest likelihood of effective tackle outcome included wrap and clamp (RR 46.8) and ear to body (RR 20.9). Tackles made to the hip and leg of the ball-carrier increased the risk of missed tackles. This study provides the first analysis of tackle characteristics associated with performance outcomes in women's rugby, providing a reference to inform coaching practice and the implementation of tackle education resources and law changes. Further research is warranted to explore techniques associated with injury risk, and interactions between match situations and subsequent tactical/technical tackle actions.